Type of Document	Dissertation
Author	McCrea, Christopher R
URN	etd-07062004-125236
Title	Effects of Vocal Training, Phonatory Task, and Gender on Voice Onset Time
Degree	Doctor of Philosophy
Department	Communication Disorders, Department of
Advisory Committee	Advisor Name Title Richard J. Morris Committee Chair Howard Goldstein Committee Member Julie Stierwalt Committee Member Larry Gerber Committee Member
Keywords	Voice Onset Time Vocal Training Temporal Acoustic
Date of Defense	2004-06-15
Availability	unrestricted
Abstract This study examined the temporal-acoustic differences between trained singers and nonsingers, males and females, and during speech and singing tasks. Sixty participants were separated into four groups of fifteen according to level of vocal training and gender. Two speech and singing tasks were recorded. Each task included a short phrase containing an English bilabial voiced or voiceless stop consonant in the word-initial position. Voice onset time (VOT) was measured for the stop consonant productions. Mixed-ANOVAs were completed for each phoneme to examine the effects of vocal training, phonatory task, and gender on VOT. Significantly longer mean VOTs occurred during speaking for both /p/ and /b/. No overall significant mean VOT differences between the trained singers and nonsingers or the females and males were noted for /p/ or /b/. Furthermore, a significant phonatory task by gender interaction was characterized by similar /p/ VOT for males and females during singing, but significantly longer /p/ VOT for females than males during speaking. A significant phonatory task by vocal training interaction was characterized by shorter /p/ VOT for the trained singers during singing, as compared to the nonsingers, and longer /p/ VOT for trained singers during speaking, as compared to the nonsingers. No significant interactions were observed for the /b/ VOT productions. These results indicated that VOT may be an effective measure for examining vocal tract adjustment differences between speech and singing. In conclusion, the results provided a direction for future researchers interested in further exploring relations between temporal-acoustic measures and physiologic vocal tract adjustments during speech and singing.
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